Derrick



(No Model.)

L. S. DEMING.

DERRICK.

No. 405,082. Patented June 11, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEVI S. DEMIN G, OF MIDDLETOXVN, CONNECTICUT.

DERRICK.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 405,082, dated June 11,1889.

g Application filed February 18, 1889. Serial No. 300,227. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEVI S. DEMING, of Middletown, in the county ofMiddlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement inDerricks; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken inconnection with accompanying drawings and the letters ofreference markedthereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, andwhich said drawings constitute part of this specification, andrepresent, in

Figure 1, a perspective view of the derrick as in use; Fig. 2, a sideview of the same on a reduced scale, illustrating its operation; Fig. 3,a detached view showing a side view of the drums and pulley enlarged.

This invention relates to an improvement in derricks specially adaptedfor hoisting coal and like purposes, and in which horse-power is usuallyemployed as the power for hoisting. These derricks are usually a beamhung upon an axis with the bucket at one end, and so that a depressionof that end of the beam will take the bucket into the hold to be filled,and a line attached to the other end of the beam, running around astationary pulley to the horse, so that as the horse advances that endof the beam will be drawn downward and raise the other with. the bucket.Then as the horse returns after the dumping of the bucket the weight ofthe bucket itself will cause its end of the beam to descend and raisethe other end. horse is applied only to the raising of the bucket, thepower required being at least equal to the weight of the bucketthat is,the horse works only in the direction of hoisting, but returns free.

The object of my invention is a construction of derrick whereby thepower required will be divided, so that the horse will pull, say, halfthe weight of the bucket and its load, and on the return will pull theother half of the weight, and so that the work upon the horse will bedistributed in a more equal manner than under the usual construction ofderrick; and the invention consists in the construction as hereinafterdescribed, and

" particularly recited in the claims.

The derrick, as here represented, consists By this arrangement the powerof the' of an upright composed of two pairs of posts A A and B B, theseposts joined by a crosspiece 0 at the top, the posts being firmlysecured upon the ground D.

The beam is formed of two arms E F, and, as here represented, isconstructed so as to provide a longitudinal connection on thecross-piece (J. The beam is pivoted to this cross-piece O, as at G, and,as here represented, an arm H runs diagonally from the arms E F tocomplete the bucket-arm of the beam, and this arm H is arrangeddiagonally across the arms E F, so as to take the bucket to one side ofthe apparatus. This is a convenience in handling coal, but is notessential to the invention, as the beam may be simply a straight beam,as in the more common construction of derricks.

To the hoisting-arm of the beam the bucket I is suspended in the usualmanner. To the other arm a counterbalancing-weight J is made fast,whichmaybe in the form of abox, as shown, into which weights can beintroduced or removed to adjust the counter-balance. Thiscounter-balance is adjusted with relation to the weight of the loadedbucket. Suppose, for illustration, the bucket weigh one hundred poundsand the coal four hundred pounds, making a total load of five hundredpounds on that arm of the beam. The counterbalance upon the other armunder these circumstances is made three hundred pounds, so that thedifference between the counterbalance and the load is two hundredpounds. This represents the power which the horse is required to draw.After the bucket is dumped, then the counter-balaiice will be' stillthree hundred pounds, but the bucket will be one hundred pounds; hencetwo hundred pounds will be required to draw the bucket downward, andthis is the power which it is required for the horse to draw on thereturn to cause the bucket to descend that is to say, thecounter-balance should be one-half the weight of the load in the bucketplus the weight of the bucket.

From near the pivot of the beam an arm K ext-ends downward atsubstantially right angles from the beam, and it is preferably hinged atL, as seen in Fig. 2. A chain M, or

other suitable tie, connects the arm K to a forward point on the beam,as represented, so as to hold the arm K rigidly with the beam and sothat it may swing with it. This arm K corresponds substantially to thebalance end or arm of the derrick-beam.

A line N is secured by one. end to the arm K. Thence, running around thepulley O on a shaft 1 supported in suitable bearings in the uprights, iscontinued and secured by its other end to the weighted end of the beam,as at R. Now if power be applied to rotate the shaft P and the pulley Oin one directionsay as from the position in Fig. 2 to that in brokenlinesin same figurethe draft is made upon the line N, which raises theweighted end of the beam and causes the bucket to descend, as indicatedin broken lines, Fig. 2; but if turned in the opposite direction thenthe line N and the bucket will rise, while the counterbalancing end ofthe beam will descend, the engagement of the line around the pulley 0being such that its rotation will impart this active movement to theline, and thence to the beam, either directly upon the beam itself inone direction or upon the arm K in the opposite direction.

As a convenient means for thus operating the pulley O, I arrange uponthe shaft two conical drums S T. (See Fig. 3.) These drums are spirallygrooved, and into the groove at the larger diameter of the drum T oneend of a line U is made fast, and to the smaller diameter on the otherdrum S the other end of the same line is made fast, as at b. This lineextends to a distant point and passes around a stationary pulley V. (SeeFigs. 1 and 2.) This pulley V is at a distance greater than that whichis required to be traveled by the horse in operating the apparatus.

As represented in Fig. 1, the derrick is shown as with the bucket in theraised position and ready for descent. Thehorse in this case is attachedto the line U, as at (Z, and now moves toward the uprights. This willcause the run of the line opposite that to which the horse is attachedto be drawn from the drum S and impart rotation thereto. At the sametime the run to which the horse is attached will be correspondinglywound upon its drum T. The direction of the rotation under the advanceof the horse toward the uprights will be as indicated by the arrow inFig. 1, and this will impart a corresponding rotation to the pulley O,which rotation through the line N will cause the beam to swing and thebucket to descend. The bucket, having reached its down position, isloaded. The horse turns and moves in the opposite direction, whichunwinds the line before wound upon the drum T, imparting rotationthereto in the opposite direction, at the same time winding-the otherrun of the line upon the drum S.

Because of the counterbalancing as before described, the weight of theload is so distributed that it is the same upon the horse (or powerapplied) in. both raising and descent, and theoretically but onehalf theweight of the load in each direction. As the line is drawn from onedrum, say S, it is wound upon the other drum T to the same extent. Iprefer the conical-shaped drums, because it applies the greater power'atthe start, which power is reduced toward the stop both in raising theload and lowering the bucket.

The arm K is preferably hinged to the beam, so that when the derrick isnot required for use and stands normally in the raised position the armK may be dropped, as indicated in broken lines, and be out of the way.This is desirable where the derrick is arranged close to a dock where aship is to come up, and in which case the arm if made stationary mightinterfere with the ship comin g up to the dock.

\Vhile I have represented the power as applied by a horse through thedrums, it will be understood that any of the usual attachments ormechanisms may be employed for operating the derrick.

I claim 1. The combination of a beam hung upon an upright so as to forma projecting arm both sides of the point of hanging, one arm adapted tocarry the load, a counter-balance upon the other arm of substantiallyone-half the load, a third arm projecting from the beam near the pivotat substantially right angles and downward, apulley and a line connectedby one end to the colmterbalance-arm of the beam and the other end tothe said third arm, the said line passing around said pulley, the saidpulley being adapted to be rotated under the application of powerthereto, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a beam hung upon an upright and so as to swingthereon, the beam extending both sides of the pivot and so as to formtwo arms, one of said arms adapted to carry the load, a counter-balanceon the other arm, the third arm extending from the beam near the hangingpoint downward, a line connected by one end to the counterbalance-beamand by the other to the said third arm, a pulley around which the saidline is run, a pair of drums upon the shaft of said pulley, and a linefixed by one end to one drum and by the other to the other drum, theline extending to a distant point around a stationary pulley, one run ofsaid line adapted for the application of power, substantially asdescribed.

3. The combination of a beam hung upon an upright and so as to form anarm projecting each side of said upright, one arm adapted to carry theload, a counter-balance arranged upon the other arm,a third arm K,hinged to the beam near the hanging point, a connection L between thesaid arm K and the beam to support said arm K at substantially rightangles to the beam, a pulley 0, arranged upon. 0, substantially as andfor the purpose specia shaft in suitable stationary bearings, a linefied. N, attached by one end to the arm F of the beam and by the otherend to the arm K, said 5 line passing around the said pulley O, andWitnesses:

means, substantially such as described, for GEO. S. DEMING, producingthe revolution of the said pulley NORMAN P. WORK.

LEVI s. DEMINGQ

